1937: Teido Kunizaki
December 10th, 2007 Headsman
On this date in 1937, Japanese intellectual Teido Kunizaki was shot as a “spy of the Japanese army” in Moscow.
The reader is not deceived to infer from the date and place the dread hand of Stalin’s NKVD at the height of the Soviet purges. The fate of the Soviet Union’s tiny community of Japanese emigres, one of the hidden chambers in a house of horrors, only became fully understood after the Soviet Union collapsed.
The leader of the Japanese section of the German Communist Party in Weimar Germany, Kunizaki’s opposition to Japanese intervention in China and involvement in a publication as subversively titled as Revolutionary Asians had made him unwelcome in Germany shortly before Hitler took power.
But arriving in Russia in September 1932 with his German wife, he stepped into a struggle for power within the Japanese Communist Party’s Russian organs.
According to Tetsuro Kato, the professorial Kunizaki was among those denounced by another seminal Japanese communist, Kenzo Yamamoto — a working-class activist who distrusted intellectuals.
Kunizaki’s execution this day was only one of many wrought on the Japanese party by the Soviet secret police in the dangerous exchange of accusations and denunciations. On this date, Yamamoto himself was already in prison; early in 1939, he would swallow the same draught as Kunizaki — denounced, as it emerged after the Cold War, by yet another of Japan’s revered old Marxists.
In the 1920s and 1930s, there were about 100 Japanese who dreamed of living in “the paradise of the working class” and went to the USSR. These people were mainly communists, who were oppressed by the imperial police in Japan. There were also ordinary workers, intellectuals and artists who were not communist … Almost all Japanese living in the USSR [in the 1930’s] faced the same destiny. The exact number of victims is not yet known, but I now estimate there to have been about 80 Japanese [shot by the NKVD].
On this day..
- 1940: Carl Heinrich Meier and Jose Waldberg, the first hanged under the Treachery Act - 2019
- 304: Saint Eulalia - 2018
- 1591: Edmund Geninges - 2017
- 1916: Eric Poole, the first British officer shot at dawn during World War I - 2016
- 1919: Not Joseph Cohen - 2015
- 1965: Andrew Pixley - 2014
- 1875: William Wilson, taking the priest with him - 2013
- 1900: John Filip Nordlund, Mälarmördaren - 2012
- 1852: Jose Forni, the first legal hanging in California - 2011
- 1718: Stede Bonnet, gentleman pirate - 2010
- 1541: Thomas Culpeper and Francis Dereham, the Queen's lovers - 2009
- 1796: Jose Leonardo Chirino, Venezuelan slave revolt leader - 2008
Entry Filed under: 20th Century,Capital Punishment,Death Penalty,Espionage,Execution,History,Intellectuals,Power,Racial and Ethnic Minorities,Russia,Shot,USSR,Wrongful Executions
Tags: 1930s, 1937, communism, december 10, immigrants, kenzo yamamoto, moscow, nkvd, purge, teido kunizaki
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