On 28 Safar 423 — that’s 14 February 1032 — Hasanak the Vizier was executed by strangulation in Herat, in modern-day Afghanistan.
He was the powerful state minister for the final six years of the 31-year reign of Iranian Ghaznavid sultan Mahmud.*
When the latter died in 1030, a fight for the succession ensued between the old man’s designated heir Muhammad and Muhammad’s older twin brother Mas’ud. Hasanak backed Muhammad, who lost.
Mas’ud punished his foe by reviving an old charge that Mahmud had laughed out of court years prior — namely, that Hasanak in the course of his hajj pilgrimage had adhered to the rebel/schismatic sect of Qarmatians.**
The writer Abu’l-Fadl Bayhaqi chronicled those years in his History† and devoted an extended narration to the fallen vizier’s trial and punishment. Hasanak’s headless corpse — that bit had been sawed off to deliver as a trophy to a political enemy — reportedly decayed for seven years lashed to a public pillory.
* A Persianate empire ruled by Turkic mamluks that spanned from western Iran, across Afghanistan and Transoxiana (comprising what is now the former Soviet “stans” of central Asia).
** The cause of the suspicion lay in Hasanak’s having chosen to return from his pilgrimage via Fatimid Egypt; the Fatimids and the Qarmatians themselves were both strains of Isma’ilism, a branch of still-extant dissident currents within Shia Islam.
† Arabic speakers can peruse this chronicle at archive.org; if a translated version is available, I have not located it.
On this day..
- 1831: Vicente Guerrero, former President of Mexico
- 2 CE: Iullus Antonius
- 1943: Dora Gerson, cabaret singer
- 1873: John Gaffney, hanged by a President
- 1942: Matvey Kuzmin, modern-day Ivan Susanin
- 2004: Yang Xinhai, Monster Killer
- 1548: Francesco Burlamacchi, Lucca republican
- 1845: John Gordon, the last hanged in Rhode Island
- 1554: David van der Leyen and Levina Ghyselius, Anabaptist martyrs
- 1994: Andrei Chikatilo, the Butcher of Rostov
- 1530: Tangaxuan II, the last Tarasco ruler
- 270: St. Valentine