On this date in 1811, Mexican independence icon Miguel Hidalgo was shot for treason at the government palace in Chihuahua.
The subversive priest had set the spark to the Mexican War of Independence in the hours before sunrise of September 16, 1810. There, he rang the parish bell in the small town of Dolores and issued his “Grito de Dolores” — “Cry of Dolores” — summoning native Amerindians and mestizos to throw off the Spanish.
The movement got added juice from the fact that the Spanish jackboot was then being worn by Napoleon, who had installed his brother as king.*
Hidalgo’s fired-up downtrodden mob slaughtered the local garrison and gathered numbers on a march towards Mexico City before the professional Spanish soldiery rallied to stop it. But the priest wouldn’t make his father-of-the-country credentials in generalship: he’d been relieved of command after repeated combat debacles by the time the insurrection’s leaders were betrayed in March.**
While his comrades Ignacio Allende, Jose Mariano Jimenez and Juan Aldama were shot on June 26, Hidalgo got an old-school detour through the ecclesiastical arm for defrocking (and a highly suspect alleged retraction).
When he was shot this day, he directed the firing squad to aim for the hand he placed over his heart.
Then, his head was cut off and stuck on a pike as a warning.
The struggle lived on, long past Hidalgo’s execution and Bonaparte’s fall, and finally resulted in Mexican independence in 1820. Today, the padre whose call to action not only started the revolt but made it a mass movement is the face on the 1,000-peso note, and his Grito de Dolores is repeated every Diez y Seis de Septiembre as an independence day tribute by Mexican authorities — as in this from 2006:
* Inspiring this blog’s banner in the process.
** There’s a map of Hidalgo and Allende’s army’s movements — and subsequent campaigns in the war — here.
On this day..
- 1680: David Hackston, Cameronian - 2020
- 1819: Robert Watkins, Hang Day Fayre - 2019
- 1913: August Sternickel, terror - 2018
- 1789: Giovanna Bonanno, la Vecchia dell'Aceto - 2017
- 1943: Marie-Louise Giraud, Vichy abortionist - 2016
- 1830: Charles Wall - 2015
- 1746: Francis Towneley, of the Forty-Five - 2014
- 1888: One Newfoundland, for Thomas Alva Edison - 2013
- On the late and unlamented malware warnings - 2012
- 1852: Ann Hoag and Jonas Williams - 2012
- 1915: Charles Becker - 2011
- 1419: The (first) Defenestration of Prague - 2010
- 1540: Three Papists and Three Anti-Papists - 2009